The DC-DC voltage regulator IC L7805CV is a type of integrated circuit that regulates an input voltage to a steady 5V output voltage. It can handle a maximum current of 1.5A, making it suitable for powering low-power electronic devices.

 

Package Includes:

• 1 x Voltage Regulator IC L7805CV

 

Features:

• Output voltage: 5V
• Maximum output current: 1.5A
• Input voltage range: 7V to 35V
• Low dropout voltage: 2V max.
• Thermal shutdown and short-circuit protection
• Output voltage tolerance: +/- 4%
• Operating temperature range: 0°C to 125°C
• Package: TO-220 (3-pin)
• These features make the L7805CV an effective solution for regulating voltage in a variety of low-power electronic applications.

 

Description:

The L7805CV is a positive voltage regulator IC that can convert a higher input voltage into a stable 5V output voltage. It is part of the L78 series of voltage regulators, which are widely used in electronic circuits to provide regulated power to other components. One of the key advantages of the L7805CV is its ability to handle a maximum output current of 1.5A. This makes it ideal for powering low-power devices such as microcontrollers, sensors, and small motors. It has a low dropout voltage of 2V max, which means that it can still regulate the output voltage even when the input voltage is close to the desired output voltage. The L7805CV has built-in thermal shutdown and short-circuit protection features, which protect the IC from damage in case of overloading or overheating. It has a relatively tight output voltage tolerance of +/- 4%, which ensures that the output voltage remains stable even in the face of fluctuations in the input voltage or changes in load current. The L7805CV is available in a TO-220 package, which consists of three pins - the input voltage pin, the ground pin, and the output voltage pin. This makes it easy to integrate the IC into a circuit, as it can be mounted on a PCB or breadboard with minimal effort.

 

Principle of Work:

The L7805CV DC-DC voltage regulator IC operates based on the principle of a linear regulator, which uses a feedback loop to maintain a constant output voltage regardless of variations in the input voltage or load current. The inner circuitry of the L7805CV consists of a voltage reference, an error amplifier, a pass transistor, and a feedback network. The voltage reference generates a stable 5V reference voltage, which is compared to the output voltage using the error amplifier. If the output voltage falls below the desired level, the error amplifier increases the gate voltage of the pass transistor, allowing more current to flow from the input to the output. Conversely, if the output voltage exceeds the desired level, the error amplifier reduces the gate voltage of the pass transistor, reducing the current flow.

The feedback network consists of resistors that connect the output voltage to the inverting input of the error amplifier, creating a negative feedback loop. This feedback loop ensures that the output voltage is regulated to a constant level, regardless of changes in the input voltage or load current. The pass transistor acts as a variable resistor that can be controlled by the error amplifier to regulate the output voltage. The L7805CV also includes thermal shutdown and short-circuit protection features. The thermal shutdown feature protects the IC from damage in case of overloading or overheating by shutting down the output voltage when the internal temperature exceeds a certain threshold. The short-circuit protection feature limits the output current to a safe level in case of a short circuit, preventing damage to the IC and other components in the circuit.

 

 

Pinout of the Module:

• Pin 1: Input voltage pin (VIN) - This pin is connected to the input voltage source that needs to be regulated.
• Pin 2: Ground pin (GND) - This pin is connected to the ground of the circuit.
• Pin 3: Output voltage pin (VOUT) - This pin is connected to the output voltage that is regulated to a constant 5V.

 

 

Applications:

• Powering microcontrollers and other low-power digital circuits
• Powering sensors and other analog circuits
• Powering small motors and actuators
• Powering LED displays and other lighting circuits
• Powering audio amplifiers and other audio circuits
• Powering battery chargers and other charging circuits
• Powering voltage regulators and other power supply circuits

 

Circuit: 

 

• Connect the input voltage (VIN) to Pin 1 of the LM7805.
• Connect the ground (GND) to Pin 2 of the LM7805.
• Connect the output voltage (VOUT) to Pin 3 of the LM7805.
• Connect a 0.22uF ceramic capacitor between Pin 1 (VIN) and Pin 2 (GND) of the LM7805.
• Connect a 0.1uF ceramic capacitor between Pin 3 (VOUT) and Pin 2 (GND) of the LM7805.
• Ensure that the capacitors are placed as close as possible to the IC pins for optimal noise filtering.
• Verify that the input voltage is within the operating range of the LM7805 (7V to 35V) and that the output voltage is regulated to a constant 5V.

This circuit is a simple and effective way to regulate a higher input voltage to a stable 5V output voltage using the LM7805 voltage regulator IC and two ceramic capacitors for noise filtering. However, note that the actual circuit design may vary depending on the specific application and requirements.

Library: 

No Library was used.

 

Code:

No code needed

 

Technical Details: 

• Product Category: Linear Voltage Regulators - Standard
• Polarity: Positive
• Number of Outputs: Single
• Output Type: Fixed
• Output Voltage: 5 V
• Output Current: 1.5 A
• Line Regulation: 50 mV
• Load Regulation: 100 mV
• Dropout Voltage (Max): 2.5 V @ 1A
• Maximum Operating Temperature: 150 C
• Minimum Operating Temperature: 0 C
• Mounting Style: Through Hole

 

Resources:

• Datasheet: Click Here

 

Comparisons:

The LM7805 and LM317 are both linear voltage regulators that can be used to regulate a higher input voltage to a lower output voltage. However, there are some differences between the two regulators that may make one more suitable for a specific application than the other. Here are some key differences between the LM7805 and LM317:

• Output Voltage Range: The LM7805 can only regulate a fixed 5V output voltage, while the LM317 can be adjusted to regulate a wide range of output voltages (from 1.2V to 37V).
• Current Rating: The LM7805 has a maximum current rating of 1.5A, while the LM317 can handle currents up to 1.5A (or higher with a heat sink).
• Input Voltage Range: The LM7805 can regulate input voltages from 7V to 35V, while the LM317 can regulate input voltages up to 40V.
• Dropout Voltage: The LM7805 has a relatively high dropout voltage (around 2V), which means that the input voltage needs to be at least 2V higher than the output voltage for the regulator to operate. The LM317 has a lower dropout voltage (around 1.5V), which allows it to regulate closer to the input voltage.
• Adjustability: The LM317 can be adjusted using two resistors to set the desired output voltage, while the LM7805 is a fixed voltage regulator that cannot be adjusted.

The choice between the LM7805 and LM317 depends on the specific requirements of the application. If a fixed 5V output voltage is needed and the input voltage is within the range of 7V to 35V, then the LM7805 may be the best choice. However, if a wider range of output voltages is needed, or if the input voltage is higher than 35V, then the LM317 may be a better option.